IV Use During Colonoscopy: Sedation, Hydration, Safety & Monitoring

IV access is standard for colonoscopy for five reasons:

1. Sedation/Analgesia: Propofol, midazolam, fentanyl → comfort, amnesia, cooperation
2. Hydration: Replaces prep-induced fluid/electrolyte losses
3. Emergency Access: Immediate route for vasopressors, atropine, antibiotics if perforation/bleeding
4. Contrast Administration: IV contrast for CT colonography or tattooing
5. Monitoring: Continuous pulse oximetry, ECG, BP via IV-connected monitors

IV placement precedes sedation; typically 20-22G catheter in forearm/hand. Outpatient colonoscopy uses moderate sedation (MAC) with anesthesia support.