Rabies in Birds: Why Hens Cannot Contract Rabies from Dog Bites

Rabies virus (Lyssavirus, Rhabdoviridae) exclusively infects mammals. Birds are not susceptible.

Biological Basis

• Avian cells lack appropriate viral receptors (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, NCAM, p75NTR isoforms).
• Higher body temperature (40–42°C) may inhibit replication.
• No documented natural or experimental infection in birds.

Practical Implications

• A hen bitten by a rabid dog does not need rabies PEP.
• The dog needs veterinary assessment/quarantine.
• Wound care for the hen (bacterial infection risk).
• Other mammals on premises (cats, livestock) should be vaccinated.

Rabies Reservoirs

Bats, raccoons, skunks, foxes, coyotes, mongooses. Domestic dogs = main vector in developing countries.