Disinfecting After Chickenpox Exposure: Bedding, Surfaces, and Prevention

Decontamination Steps

1. Hard surfaces: Clean with detergent, then disinfect with EPA-registered disinfectant (e.g., bleach 1:10 dilution, quaternary ammonium, hydrogen peroxide). Follow contact time on label.
2. Bedding, towels, clothing: Machine wash in hot water (≥60°C/140°F) with detergent. Dry on high heat.
3. Non-washable items: Seal in plastic bag for ≥72 hours (virus dies without host).
4. Vacuum upholstery/carpets: Dispose of bag or clean canister.

Infection Control Measures

• Isolate the exposed child until all lesions crusted (typically 5–7 days after rash onset).
• Vaccinate susceptible contacts within 3–5 days of exposure (post-exposure prophylaxis).
• High-risk contacts (pregnant, immunocompromised, neonates) may need varicella-zoster immune globulin (VariZIG).
• Trim fingernails; use mittens/socks to prevent scratching and secondary infection.

Monitoring

Watch for fever >48 hours, signs of bacterial superinfection (increasing redness, warmth, pus), or neurologic symptoms (ataxia, seizures). Contact healthcare provider promptly if these occur.