Laryngitis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment Guide

Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx (voice box), causing hoarseness or voice loss.

Common Causes

• Viral URI: Most common (rhinovirus, influenza, RSV, adenovirus).
• Vocal strain: Overuse (shouting, singing, prolonged talking).
• Bacterial infection: Less common (Strep, H. flu); may need antibiotics.
• GERD/LPR: Acid reflux irritates larynx (often silent reflux).
• Allergies: Post-nasal drip, inflammation.
• Irritants: Smoking, alcohol, pollution, chemical fumes.

Treatment

• Voice rest: Speak minimally; avoid whispering (strains cords more).
• Hydration: Water, herbal tea; avoid caffeine/alcohol.
• Humidification: Cool-mist humidifier.
• OTC: Lozenges, analgesics for pain.
• Treat underlying cause: PPIs for GERD, antihistamines for allergies, antibiotics if bacterial.

When to See a Doctor

• Hoarseness >2–3 weeks
• Difficulty breathing/swallowing
• Coughing blood
• Neck mass
• Recurrent episodes

Chronic laryngitis warrants ENT evaluation (laryngoscopy) to rule out nodules, polyps, or malignancy.