What is hyperemesis gravidarum?

Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of morning sickness that affects pregnant women. It is characterized by persistent nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Hyperemesis gravidarum can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and nutritional deficiencies. In some cases, it can also cause hospitalization.

Hyperemesis gravidarum is thought to be caused by a combination of hormonal changes, genetic factors, and environmental factors. It is more common in women who are pregnant with twins or multiples, women who are overweight or obese, and women who have a history of motion sickness.

Symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum typically begin in the first trimester of pregnancy and may last for several months. The most common symptoms include:

Nausea

Vomiting

Weight loss

Dehydration

Electrolyte imbalance

Nutritional deficiencies

Fatigue

Headache

Constipation

Abdominal pain

In severe cases, hyperemesis gravidarum can lead to hospitalization. Treatment may include:

Intravenous fluids

Electrolytes

Vitamins

Anti-emetics (medications to stop nausea and vomiting)

Rest

If hyperemesis gravidarum is left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, including:

Preeclampsia

Eclampsia

Placental abruption

Fetal death

If you are experiencing severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, it is important to see your doctor right away. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent serious complications.