Diaphragmatic Breathing: Mechanism and Benefits

Diaphragmatic (abdominal) breathing engages the primary respiratory muscle.

Mechanics

• Inhalation: Diaphragm contracts → flattens, descends → thoracic volume ↑ → intrathoracic pressure ↓ → air flows in.
• Exhalation: Diaphragm relaxes → ascends; abdominal muscles contract → compress abdomen → push diaphragm up → air flows out.

Benefits

• Greater tidal volume, improved gas exchange.
• Activates parasympathetic system → reduces stress, lowers HR/BP.
• Enhances core stability, lymphatic drainage.
• Foundation for singing, wind instruments, meditation, labor breathing.

Practice: supine, hand on abdomen; inhale nose (belly rises), exhale mouth (belly falls).