Ultrasound Explained: How It Works & What It Shows

Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of internal structures—no radiation.

Procedure Steps

1. Preparation: Remove interfering jewelry/clothing. For abdominal scans, may need full bladder or fasting.
2. Gel Application: Water-based gel ensures sound wave transmission.
3. Probe Placement: Transducer emits/receives sound waves; moved over skin for optimal views.
4. Image Formation: Reflected echoes converted to electrical signals → processed into grayscale images.
5. Interpretation: Radiologist/sonographer analyzes images for diagnosis.

Key Features

• Painless, non-invasive, safe.
• Shows organ structure, blood flow (Doppler), fetal development.
• Dense tissues (bone) appear bright; fluid appears dark.