Hernia Surgery Step-by-Step: From Preparation to Recovery

1. Preparation: General or local anesthesia; surgical area shaved/cleaned.
2. Incision: Over hernia; size/location varies by type.
3. Exploration: Examine hernia and surrounding tissues.
4. Reduction: Gently push protruding tissue back into abdomen.
5. Repair:
   • Open repair: Suture weakened abdominal wall.
   • Laparoscopic: Camera/instruments via small incisions; repair with sutures/mesh.
   • Robotic-assisted: Robotic system controls instruments.
6. Reinforcement: Mesh may be used to reduce recurrence.
7. Closure: Sutures or staples.
8. Recovery: Monitoring in recovery room; same-day discharge or few-day stay depending on surgery type.