OSHA Excavation Safety: Regulations & Trenching Requirements

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) policies concerning excavations are explained in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart P. Specific requirements are listed in 29 CFR 1926.651. Policies concerning excavations also include trenches.

Underground Installations

• A survey of possible underground utilities, such as sewer, telephone, or electric lines, need to be completed before excavation operations begin.

Methods of Entry and Exit

• Excavations or trenches deeper than four feet are required to have ramps, ladders, or stairs for entering and exiting. These devices must be placed so that workers have to travel no more than 25 feet to reach them.

Exposure to Traffic

• When the work site is in vehicular traffic, all workers have to wear high-visibility clothing.

Falling Debris

• Workers are not allowed to be underneath loads being moved or carried by machinery.

Mobile Equipment Warning Systems

• When mobile equipment is operated near an excavation, a warning system must be in place. This system can include barricades, or hand and mechanical signals.

Hazardous Atmospheres

• Air quality must be monitored at all times. If oxygen levels are less than 19.5 percent, respirators and ventilation must be provided.