Bloodborne Pathogens: Risks, Prevention & Key Diseases

Bloodborne pathogens is a general term for infectious diseases transmitted through an exchange of bodily fluids, particularly blood. People in certain professions, such as education and medicine, are at a particular risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens and therefore need to take precautions to avoid exposure.

HIV

• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one the two most dangerous bloodborne pathogens. It can be easily transmitted through an exchange of bodily fluids, and can be fatal.

Hepatitis B and C

• Hepatitis B and C are viral infections. They are highly contagious liver conditions transmitted through blood or other bodily fluids.

Becoming Infected

• People who become infected with bloodborne pathogens may have done so through a needlestick, meaning they stuck themselves with a needle who had already been in contact with someone who has a bloodborne pathogen. Other rare cases might be the result of coming into contact with an infected bodily fluid when you have an open sore or wound on your body.

Vaccinations

• Though no prevention is possible for Hepatits C or HIV, you can get vaccinated against Hepatitis B infection. Then, if you are exposed to Hepatitis B, it will not affect you.

Prevention of Infection

• Other ways to protect yourself from bloodborne pathogens include always wearing gloves when you provide medical care or are around someone else's bodily fluids. Always use caution when handling needles, and dispose of used needles properly.