Potassium Hydroxide (KOH): Risks, Safety & Exposure Limits

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a known poison that can cause serious symptoms such as fainting, vomiting and respiratory irritation, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The public should have only minimum exposure to KOH, as too much could require medical attention.

Limit

• Potassium hydroxide becomes toxic when it reaches a concentration of 2 mg per cubic meter of air, according to the New Jersey Department of Health. Skin contact with KOH lowers the toxicity level.

Significance

• Soap makers use potassium hydroxide in small quantities. Other significant sources of KOH are alkaline batteries, a chemical in the lithographic process and solvents such as nail polish remover and drain cleaner.

Tip

• The website MedlinePlus recommends calling emergency services if you suspect KOH poisoning. If KOH touches your skin, wash the area immediately with water for 30 minutes, and remove any clothing contaminated with KOH.