Epiglottis: Anatomy, Function, and Airway Protection

The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped elastic cartilage flap located at the base of the tongue.

Function

• During breathing: Stands upright, leaving the trachea open for airflow.
• During swallowing: Folds down over the tracheal opening (glottis) as the larynx elevates, directing food/liquid into the esophagus and preventing aspiration.

This coordinated movement is essential for safe swallowing and airway protection.