Insomnia: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions

Insomnia is difficulty falling or staying asleep. Contributing factors include:

• Brain‑related conditions: Anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia.
• Medical conditions: Heart disease, cancer, chronic pain, diabetes.
• Poor sleep habits: Irregular schedule, noisy/uncomfortable environment, screen use before bed.
• Medications: Decongestants, antidepressants, caffeine‑containing drugs.
• Substance use: Alcohol, caffeine, nicotine.
• Age: More common in older adults.
• Genetics: Some have a hereditary predisposition.

See a doctor to identify the cause and get appropriate treatment.