Definition of Bipolar Type 2

Most people do not know that bipolar disorder is differentiated into types I and II. However, type II bipolar disorder differs from type I. Those with type II bipolar disorder do not experience mania. Instead, these individuals experience major depressive episodes and periods of hypomania.

Hypomania

• Hypomanic episodes are periods of elevated mood. A person in the midst of a hypomanic episode might seem talkative, excited, driven, and out of control. However, hypomanic is different from mania. Hypomanic episodes do not result in hospitalization or psychotic symptoms.

Depression

• Major depressive episodes are periods of sadness. A person in the midst of a major depressive episode may feel guilty, hopeless, or worthless. He may also experience weight change, or feel "keyed up" or "slowed down."

Course

• Most hypomanic episodes either precede or follow a major depressive episode; and the amount of time between mood episodes decreases with age. Most individuals with bipolar II disorder function well between mood episodes.

Treatment

• Bipolar II disorder is most often treated with a combination of mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and psychotherapy.

Considerations

• According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), ten to fifteen percent of people with bipolar II disorder complete a suicide attempt. Bipolar II disorder is also associated with impaired social and occupational functioning. Accurate diagnosis and treatment is essential.