Medical Debt Collection: How Long Can Unpaid Bills Be Reported?

Reporting periods for unpaid medical debt vary by state law. Most states allow 7–10 years; some have shorter limits (4–5 years). The debt's "age" typically starts from the date of first delinquency.

The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) prohibits deceptive/abusive tactics, including misrepresenting debt age. If a collector violates your rights, file a complaint with the CFPB (Consumer Financial Protection Bureau).

Note: As of 2022–2023, major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, TransUnion) voluntarily removed paid medical collections and those <$500 from credit reports, and extended the reporting grace period to 1 year. Check current policies.