Preserving Evidence of Abuse: Crime Scene Protocol for Professionals

Proper evidence preservation is critical for prosecution and victim protection. Follow this systematic protocol for suspected abuse (child, elder, domestic, sexual).

1. Scene Security & Isolation

• Secure perimeter: tape, officers, log entry/exit.
• Limit access: only essential personnel (LE, CPS, medical, forensic).
• Preserve environmental context: temperature, lighting, clutter.

2. Photographic Documentation

• Overall → Mid-range → Close-up sequence.
• Scale in every close-up (ABFO #2 ruler).
• Injuries: with/without scale, multiple angles, lighting (ambient, alternate light source).
• Log: date, time, photographer, case #, description per photo.
• RAW format + backup immediately.

3. Video Documentation

• Narrated walkthrough: observations, measurements, scene dynamics.
• Steady, slow pan; include audio.
• Supplements—does not replace—photos.

4. Written Documentation

• Detailed field notes: verbatim statements, demeanor, timeline.
• Body diagrams (front/back) marking injuries: size, shape, color, pattern.
• Clothing description: damage, stains, trace evidence.

5. Physical Evidence Collection

• Gloves changed per item.
• Paper bags (breathable) for biologicals; plastic only for wet items (then dry ASAP).
• Label: case#, item#, description, location, collector, date/time.
• Fingernail scrapings, hair combings, swabs (oral, genital, skin), clothing, bedding, weapons.

6. Chain of Custody

• Every transfer logged: from whom, to whom, date/time, purpose.
• Sealed, tamper-evident containers.
• Secure, climate-controlled storage.

7. Specialized Forensic Exams

• SANE/SAFE (sexual assault), child abuse pediatrician, forensic pathologist.
• Collect per protocol kits (SAEK, child abuse).

8. Reporting & Legal

• Mandated reporting immediately (CPS, APS, LE).
• Provide evidence package to investigator.
• Maintain records for statute of limitations (often extended for abuse).

9. Training & Quality

• Regular forensic photography, evidence collection, trauma-informed interviewing training.
• Peer review of documentation.

When in doubt, over-document. The cost of missed evidence is a lost case and ongoing victimization.