Maxilla Anatomy: Structure, Features, and Functions

The maxilla (upper jawbone) is a paired midface bone below the orbits, above the mouth. It articulates with the frontal, ethmoid, zygomatic, and palatine bones.

Key Anatomical Features

• Body: Main portion forming upper jaw.
• Alveolar Process: Ridge housing upper tooth sockets.
• Palatine Process: Horizontal plate forming nasal floor and hard palate.
• Zygomatic Process: Articulates with zygomatic bone (lateral orbital wall).
• Frontal Process: Articulates with frontal bone (nasal bridge).
• Maxillary Sinus: Air-filled cavity lined with mucosa.

Functions

• Forms upper jaw, supports teeth.
• Shapes midface.
• Houses maxillary sinus, contributes to nasal passage.
• Forms orbital floor/wall.
• Attachment for facial expression, chewing, swallowing muscles.