Facial Expressions: Definition, Examples, and Role in Communication

Facial expressions are dynamic configurations of facial muscles conveying emotion, intent, or cognitive state. They are universal (Ekman's basic emotions) and culturally modulated.

Key Examples

• Happiness: Smile (zygomatic major + orbicularis oculi – Duchenne)
• Sadness: Frown, inner brow raise, lip corner depression
• Anger: Brow lowering, lid tightening, lip pressing
• Fear: Brow raise, upper lid raise, mouth stretch
• Surprise: Brow raise, wide eyes, open mouth
• Disgust: Nose wrinkle, upper lip raise
• Contempt: Unilateral lip corner tightening

Microexpressions (1/25–1/15 sec) reveal concealed emotions. Critical for empathy, social bonding, and deception detection.