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Celiac Disease: Understanding the Medical Term for Sprue
Celiac Disease = Sprue
Celiac disease (also called gluten‑sensitive enteropathy or sprue) is an immune‑mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten (wheat, barley, rye) in genetically susceptible individuals (HLA‑DQ2/DQ8).
Pathophysiology
Gluten peptides → immune response → villous atrophy → malabsorption.
Common Manifestations
- Diarrhea, steatorrhea, weight loss
- Fatigue, anemia (iron, folate, B12)
- Osteoporosis, dermatitis herpetiformis
- Neurologic symptoms, infertility
Diagnosis & Treatment
- Serology (tTG‑IgA, EMA) → confirmatory duodenal biopsy.
- Strict lifelong gluten‑free diet = only effective treatment.
Early diagnosis prevents long‑term complications.
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