How the Flu Virus Spreads and How to Protect Yourself

Three main transmission routes:

1. Direct contact: inhaling droplets from an infected person's cough/sneeze.
2. Indirect contact: touching contaminated surfaces then touching face.
3. Airborne: short-distance aerosol spread from talking, singing, coughing.

Most contagious first 3–4 days; can transmit up to a week after symptom onset.

Prevention

• Annual flu vaccination (most effective)
• Frequent handwashing with soap and water
• Avoid touching face
• Cover coughs/sneezes
• Stay home when sick
• Avoid close contact with sick individuals