Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA): Causes & Risk Factors

The exact cause of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some factors that may increase the risk of developing GPA include:

Genetic factors: People who have certain genetic variations are more likely to develop GPA. These variations are thought to affect the immune system and make it more likely to attack the body's own tissues.

Environmental factors: Exposure to certain environmental triggers may also increase the risk of developing GPA. These triggers include:

* Infections: Some infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, have been linked to the development of GPA.

* Silica dust: Exposure to silica dust, which is found in sand, cement, and other construction materials, has also been linked to GPA.

* Certain medications: Some medications, such as propylthiouracil and hydralazine, have been associated with the development of GPA.

* Smoking: Smoking cigarettes is a strong risk factor for developing GPA.

It is important to note that not everyone who is exposed to these risk factors will develop GPA. The exact combination of factors that leads to the development of GPA is not fully understood.