Skin Boils (Furuncles): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Cause and Development

Skin boils (furuncles) result from a bacterial infection—most commonly Staphylococcus aureus—of a hair follicle. The bacteria multiply, triggering inflammation and pus accumulation.

Symptoms

• Painful, tender, red swelling
• Possible spontaneous rupture with pus and blood drainage

Common Locations and Risk Factors

Boils frequently appear on the face, neck, back, and buttocks. Individuals with acne, eczema, or compromised skin integrity are at higher risk.

Treatment

• Antibiotics to eliminate the infection
• Pain relievers for discomfort
• Surgical drainage if the boil does not resolve spontaneously

Prevention

• Keep skin clean and dry
• Avoid sharing personal items (razors, towels)
• Do not squeeze or pick at boils