Understanding UV Waves: Sunburns, Suntans & Protection

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation (shorter wavelength than visible light) causes both suntan and sunburn via DNA damage in skin cells.

UV Types

• UVA (longest wavelength): Penetrates deeply; primary cause of tanning and photoaging (wrinkles, spots).
• UVB (medium wavelength): Causes sunburn; major driver of skin cancer.
• UVC (shortest): Most damaging but absorbed by ozone layer; doesn't reach Earth's surface.

Effects

UV-induced DNA mutations lead to premature aging, hyperpigmentation, and skin cancers (melanoma, basal/squamous cell carcinoma).

Protection

• Broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+).
• Protective clothing, hats, sunglasses.
• Seek shade during peak UV hours (10 AM–4 PM).
• Avoid tanning beds.