Glutathione: The Body’s Master Antioxidant and Detoxifier

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide (glutamate-cysteine-glycine) present in every cell. Its eight critical roles:

1. Antioxidant defense: Directly neutralizes free radicals/ROS; regenerates vitamins C and E.
2. Detoxification: Conjugates with toxins, heavy metals, drugs, alcohol → water-soluble for excretion.
3. Immune support: Activates NK cells, macrophages; modulates inflammation.
4. Protein synthesis & folding: Maintains redox environment for proper protein structure.
5. Enzyme cofactor: Essential for enzymes in DNA synthesis, amino acid metabolism, energy production.
6. Cellular signaling: Regulates proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis.
7. Mitochondrial protection: Shields mitochondrial DNA/proteins from oxidative damage, preserving ATP production.
8. Liver protection: High concentrations in hepatocytes; crucial for hepatic detox and regeneration.

GSH levels decline with age, stress, pollution, poor diet. Supporting GSH via sulfur-rich foods (garlic, onions, cruciferous veggies), whey protein, NAC, selenium, and α-lipoic acid can enhance resilience.