What happens when one receives a lung transplant?

When a person receives a lung transplant, the diseased or damaged lung(s) are surgically removed and replaced with healthy lungs from a donor. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia, and the recipient is closely monitored before, during, and after the surgery.

Before the surgery:

- The recipient undergoes a thorough evaluation to determine their suitability for a transplant, including medical tests, imaging studies, and psychological assessment.

- The recipient is placed on a waiting list for a suitable donor. The waiting time for a lung transplant can vary widely, depending on factors such as the recipient's condition, blood type, and the availability of donors.

- Once a suitable donor is found, the recipient and donor are closely matched for tissue compatibility and other relevant factors.

During the surgery:

- The recipient is placed under general anesthesia and a breathing tube is inserted to assist with ventilation.

- The surgeon makes an incision in the chest to access the lungs.

- The diseased lung(s) are carefully removed, taking care to preserve important structures such as blood vessels and airways.

- The donor lungs are then transplanted into the recipient's chest and connected to the airways and blood vessels.

- The incisions are closed and the recipient is closely monitored in the intensive care unit (ICU) after the surgery.

After the surgery:

- The recipient remains in the ICU for several days to weeks, closely monitored by the medical team.

- Immunosuppressive medications are prescribed to prevent the recipient's immune system from rejecting the donor lungs. These medications can have side effects, such as increased susceptibility to infections and a higher risk of certain cancers.

- Regular follow-up visits and tests are necessary to monitor the recipient's progress and ensure the proper function of the transplanted lungs.

Lung transplant is a complex and challenging procedure, but it can offer a renewed chance at life for people with end-stage lung diseases. The success of a lung transplant depends on various factors, including the recipient's overall health, the expertise of the transplant team, and the recipient's adherence to post-transplant care.