Understanding Osteoporosis in Women: Causes, Risk Factors & Prevention

Osteoporosis is a loss of bone which usually occurs over many years, during which the body removes calcium from the bones to meet its needs. The causes of osteoporosis include hormonal, dietary and disease-related influences.

Estrogen Deficiency

• Estrogen helps to maintain bone density. When estrogen levels fall after menopause, a woman's skeleton becomes more brittle.

Diet

• Women whose diets are too low in calcium and Vitamin D are also more at risk for osteoporosis.

Weight-Bearing Exercise

• Impact-related exercise stimulates bone and muscle development. A lack of this kind of physical activity is associated with osteoporosis.

Disease Influences

• Diseases that influence bone density include rheumatoid arthritis, anorexia nervosa, Cushing's Syndrome (high cortisol), thyroid problems and bone cancer.

Other Factors

• Other risk factors for osteoporosis include genetics, being Asian or white, having a small slender frame, smoking, alcohol, and taking anticonvulsants or corticosteroids.