Trigeminal Neuralgia: Symptoms, Causes & Relief

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a condition of chronic pain from the trigeminal nerve. This is a very large nerve that controls most of the sensations in the face.

Pain

• TN is characterized by a sudden shock-like or stabbing pain, usually on one side of the face. It can also occur on both sides of the face at different times.

Duration

• A specific attack usually lasts several seconds with repeated attacks throughout the day. TN episodes can last for months at a time and consist of many separate attacks.

Triggers

• A TN episode is frequently triggered by activities that involve touching the face or using the facial muscles. These activities may include shaving, applying makeup, eating or drinking.

Types

• Type 1 TN is characterized by sudden intermittent pain. Type 2 TN involves chronic pain.

Progression

• TN attacks typically get worse with shorter periods between episodes. It's not fatal, but it can be physically and mentally debilitating.