What Are the Causes of Occipital Neuralgia?

Occipital neuralgia is a type of headache that causes chronic pain and spasms in the neck and head area. The pain is usually localized in the back area of the upper neck and caused by a nerve injury or irritation.

Trauma

• An injury to the back of the head, such as whiplash, can cause inflammation and swelling. This condition may impinge the nerves due to stressed neck muscles.

Medical

• Osteoarthritis, tumors, neck lesions, spinal compression, gout, infection, diabetes and inflamed blood vessel are medical conditions that cause inflammation. This inflammation can cause nerve impingement leading to occipital neuralgia.

Symptoms

• The most common symptoms of occipital neuralgia include localized headaches, tender scalp and pain and/or pressure behind the eyes.

Treatment

• Treatment for occipital neuralgia focuses on treatment the symptoms. Massage, rest, physical therapy, antidepressants, nerve blocks and steroids are medications that are prescribed for treatment options.

Research

• The exact cause of occipital neuralgia is unknown. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke is dedicated to performing studies to understand the mechanisms of pain and/or treatment options.