Kidney Failure & Dialysis: Consequences of Refusing Treatment

Without dialysis, kidney failure leads to a buildup of waste and fluid in the blood, causing progressive deterioration and eventual death. Dialysis artificially removes these toxins when kidneys can no longer do so.

Complications of Untreated Kidney Failure

• Nausea and vomiting
• Severe weakness and fatigue
• Cognitive impairment: difficulty concentrating, memory problems
• Seizures and coma
• Heart problems (fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances)
• Bone disease (mineral metabolism disruption)
• Skin disorders (uremic pruritus, calcification)
• Life-threatening infections

Life expectancy is significantly shortened without dialysis. While dialysis is not a cure, it enables longer, healthier survival. Multiple dialysis modalities exist (hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis); the best option depends on individual circumstances. Discuss choices with a nephrologist.