Understanding Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Symptoms, Causes & Management

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)---also known as functional bowel syndrome---is a functional disorder of the intestines that causes abdominal discomfort, cramps, bloating, flatulence, and constipation or diarrhea. IBS most commonly affects women over the age of 20.

Significance

• According to Mayo Clinic, one out of five people in the United Sates suffer from IBS symptoms. IBS is primarily a chronic condition that can be managed through lifestyle changes.

Causes

• The exact causes of IBS are unknown, but the following factors might act as triggers: intolerance of certain foods, stress, hormonal changes and underlying illnesses.

Treatment

• The treatment of IBS is aimed at easing the symptoms. Treatment involves medication, stress relief and changes in diet. Some people might need counseling to deal with stress-related symptoms that do not respond to medication.

Medication

• Medication suited to treat IBS symptoms include fiber supplements, anti-diarrhea drugs, anticholinergic medicine, antidepressants and antibiotics. Alosetron and lubiprostone are two IBS-specific drugs that are approved for use by women.

Diet

• People with IBS should avoid foods that can aggravate the symptoms, such as fatty foods, dairy products, alcohol, coffee and carbonated drinks. They should include high-fiber foods in their diet.