Pathogens: Understanding Disease-Causing Microorganisms

A disease-causing microorganism is called a pathogen. Pathogens can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. They can cause disease by damaging cells, producing toxins, or triggering an immune response. Some common pathogens include:

- Bacteria: Salmonella, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae

- Viruses: Influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis virus, measles virus

- Fungi: Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus

- Parasites: Malaria parasite, hookworm, tapeworm