Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity: Understanding the Differences
Innate immune system:- Immediate response; always ready to respond to invading pathogens.
- Provides generalised protection against a variety of pathogens.
- Cells involved in innate immunity are phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, etc.
- Example: Phagocytosis, inflammation.
Adaptive immune system:
- Takes time to respond to an invading pathogen.
- Provides specific protection against a particular pathogen.
- Remembers and responds more effectively to previously encountered pathogens.
- Cells involved in adaptive immunity are T-lymphocytes (helper T-cells, cytotoxic T-cells and regulatory T-cells), B-lymphocytes and macrophages.
- Example: Production of antibodies, cell-mediated immunity, immunological memory.
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