Hypothermia: 3 Critical Facts on Causes, Dangers, and Prevention

Hypothermia occurs when core body temperature drops below 35°C (95°F), impairing vital organ function. Three essential facts:

1. It can develop in cool, wet conditions—not just freezing temperatures. Immersion in cold water, prolonged exposure to rain or wind, or inadequate clothing in cool weather can trigger hypothermia. Wet clothing accelerates heat loss 25-fold compared to dry air.
2. It is life-threatening if untreated. Progressive hypothermia leads to cardiac arrhythmias, coagulopathy, organ failure, and death. Severe hypothermia (<28°C / 82°F) carries high mortality even with advanced rewarming.
3. It is largely preventable. Key strategies: dress in layered, moisture-wicking clothing; keep head and neck covered; stay dry; avoid alcohol in cold environments; carry emergency shelter and insulation when venturing outdoors.

Recognize early signs—shivering, confusion, clumsiness, slurred speech—and act immediately: move to warmth, remove wet layers, insulate, and seek medical help.