Definition of Menopause

Menopause signals the end of a woman's reproductive ability, causing a decrease in hormone levels and other reproductive processes. According to FamilyDoctor.org, menopause lasts for several years, causing hormonal problems that can interfere with a woman's quality of life. Medications such as synthetic hormones can ease the severity of these symptoms.

Cause

• Menopause occurs when the woman's ovaries stop making hormones, causing a natural decline in estrogen and progesterone. This leads to a permanent cessation in reproductive processes, including the menstrual period and the release of fertile eggs every month.

Stages

• According to the Mayo Clinic, menopause is divided into two stages: perimenopause and postmenopause. Perimenopause is characterized by menopausal symptoms with menstruation; postmenopause is when menstruation has ceased for 12 months.

Age

• According to FamilyDoctor.org, the average age for menopause is around 51. Women typically experience it between the ages of 40 to 59.

Symptoms

• Symptoms of menopause include irregular periods or bleeding, hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, vaginal itching or irritation, painful sexual intercourse, an increase in urinary tract infections, urination problems, memory and mood problems, fatigue, facial hair growth and weight gain.

Treatment

• Menopause cannot be reversed, but its symptoms can be treated with hormone replacement therapy, which supplies the body with synthetic progestin hormones. Estrogen creams, some antidepresssants and soy products may also help reduce menopausal symptoms.

Complications

• According to MedicineNet.com, osteoporosis, or the weakening of the bones, is a common complication. Menopause also doubles or triples the risk of developing coronary heart disease.