HIV and AIDS: Treatment, Viral Suppression, and Life Expectancy
HIV infection does not inevitably progress to AIDS. With early diagnosis and consistent antiretroviral therapy (ART):
- Viral load becomes undetectable (≤200 copies/mL), halting immune destruction.
- CD4 counts recover, reducing opportunistic infection risk.
- Life expectancy approaches that of the general population.
- Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U): No sexual transmission risk.
Regular monitoring, adherence support, and comorbidity management are key. Stigma reduction and access to care remain global priorities.
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