Hepatitis Transmission: Understanding How Hepatitis Viruses Spread
Hepatitis A virus (HAV):
- Fecal-oral transmission (consumption of contaminated food or water)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV):
- Blood-borne transmission (contact with infected blood or bodily fluids)
- Sexual transmission
- Vertical transmission (from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV):
- Blood-borne transmission (contact with infected blood or bodily fluids)
- Sexual transmission (less common)
- Vertical transmission (rare)
Hepatitis D virus (HDV):
- Requires co-infection with HBV for transmission
- Blood-borne transmission (contact with infected blood or bodily fluids)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV):
- Fecal-oral transmission (consumption of contaminated food or water)
- Rarely, blood-borne transmission (transfusions, organ transplantation)
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