What is coagulation of blood?

Coagulation of blood or Blood clotting or Hemostasis is a process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot. It prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is damaged. Hemostasis consists of a series of physiological steps that occur in response to blood vessel injury:

Vasoconstriction: This is the rapid narrowing of blood vessels at the site of injury, which helps to reduce blood flow and prevent further bleeding.

Platelet plug formation: Platelets aggregate and form a plug at the site of injury, further reducing blood flow.

Blood coagulation: In this stage, blood proteins known as clotting factors interact with platelets and calcium to form a fibrin mesh, which reinforces the platelet plug and forms a stable blood clot.

These processes ultimately stop the bleeding and form a scab, which protects the wound while it heals. Hemostasis plays a crucial role in preventing excessive blood loss and promoting the healing process.