EMT Actions During Cardiac Arrest: A Step-by-Step Guide

1. Call for backup and defibrillation

The EMT should immediately call for backup and a defibrillator. If the patient is in cardiac arrest, defibrillation is the only definitive treatment.

2. Start CPR

While waiting for the defibrillator to arrive, the EMT should start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). CPR provides the heart and lungs with oxygenated blood, and can help to keep the patient alive until defibrillation can be performed.

3. Administer oxygen

If the patient is not breathing, the EMT should administer oxygen. Oxygen can help to improve the patient's oxygenation and perfusion, and can also help to prevent further damage to the heart and brain.

4. Establish an IV line

An IV line can be used to administer medications and fluids. Medications such as epinephrine and atropine can be used to help to improve the patient's heart rhythm and circulation. Fluids can help to improve the patient's blood pressure and perfusion.

5. Defibrillate the patient

When the defibrillator arrives, the EMT should defibrillate the patient. Defibrillation can help to restore the heart to a normal rhythm.

6. Transport the patient to the hospital

After the patient has been defibrillated and stabilized, the EMT should transport the patient to the hospital. The patient should be closely monitored during transport, and should be given continued CPR and oxygen if necessary.