Understanding the Endometrial Biopsy Procedure: A Step‑by‑Step Guide
An endometrial biopsy samples the uterine lining to evaluate abnormal bleeding, infertility, or cancer risk. Typically performed in‑office by a gynecologist.
Procedure Steps
- Consent & counseling: Explain procedure, risks (cramping, bleeding, infection), alternatives.
- Positioning: Lithotomy; speculum insertion.
- Cervical prep: Cleanse with antiseptic (povidone‑iodine or chlorhexidine).
- Cervical stabilization: Tenaculum on anterior lip (may cause cramp).
- Sampling:
- Pipelle: Flexible 3 mm tube with plunger—suction curettage (most common).
- Curette: Rigid metal loop (sharper, more discomfort).
- TruTest/Tao brush: Rotating brush (less cramping).
- Specimen handling: Place in formalin (histology) or transport medium (genetics).
- Post‑procedure: Expect cramping/spotting 1–2 days; NSAIDs prn. Avoid tampons/intercourse 48 hrs.
Results in 5–10 days. Follow‑up for management based on pathology (hyperplasia, carcinoma, atrophy, etc.).
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