Major Human Bacterial Diseases: Organisms, Transmission, and Key Features
Classic Bacterial Infections
- TB: M. tuberculosis – pulmonary, systemic.
- Pneumonia: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. pneumoniae.
- Diphtheria: C. diphtheriae – pharyngeal membrane, toxin-mediated cardiac/neurologic effects.
- Meningitis: N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae.
- Typhoid: S. Typhi – enteric fever.
- Tetanus: C. tetani – neurotoxin → spastic paralysis.
- Leprosy: M. leprae – skin/nerve damage.
Rickettsial (Vector-Borne)
- Typhus (lice/fleas), Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (ticks).
Chlamydial
- Trachoma (ocular), genital C. trachomatis.
Mycoplasmal
- M. pneumoniae (atypical pneumonia), Ureaplasma (genital).
Most bacteria are commensal or environmental; pathogenic minority cause significant disease.
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