Understanding Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs): Definition, Types & Examples

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are diseases that are not passed from person to person through infection. NCDs are also known as chronic diseases because they typically develop over a long period of time and last for a long time.

NCDs include:

- Cardiovascular diseases (e.g. heart attacks and strokes)

- Cancers

- Chronic respiratory diseases (e.g. asthma and COPD)

- Diabetes

- Mental health conditions (e.g. depression and anxiety)

- Musculoskeletal conditions (e.g. arthritis and back pain)

- Obesity

- Oral diseases (e.g. tooth decay and gum disease)

- Skin diseases (e.g. eczema and psoriasis)

NCDs are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. They account for more than 70% of all deaths and 63% of all years lived with disability (YLDs).

NCDs can be prevented and treated. Prevention measures include:

- Healthy diet

- Regular physical activity

- Not smoking

- Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption

- Getting enough sleep

- Managing stress

- Getting regular checkups

Treatment options for NCDs vary depending on the disease. Some common treatments include:

- Medications

- Surgery

- Physical therapy

- Rehabilitation

- Lifestyle changes