What Is Diabetic Macular Edema?

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a complication of diabetic retinopathy, which is a group of eye problems that can affect people with diabetes. DME occurs when fluid builds up in the macula, the central part of the retina that is responsible for sharp central vision. This fluid buildup can cause the macula to swell and thicken, which can distort or blur vision. DME is a leading cause of vision loss in people with diabetes.

Symptoms of DME can include:

* Blurred central vision

* Wavy or distorted vision

* Colors appearing washed out or faded

* Difficulty reading

* Difficulty recognizing faces

* A dark or empty spot in the center of vision

Risk factors for DME include:

* Having diabetes for a long time

* Poorly controlled blood sugar levels

* High blood pressure

* High cholesterol

* Kidney disease

* Pregnancy

Treatment for DME may include:

* Laser surgery to seal leaking blood vessels and reduce fluid buildup

* Injections of anti-VEGF drugs to inhibit the growth of new blood vessels

* Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation

* Vitrectomy surgery to remove fluid from the macula

Early diagnosis and treatment of DME are essential to prevent vision loss. If you have diabetes, it is important to have regular eye exams to check for signs of diabetic retinopathy and DME.