Metformin: Side Effects, Uses, and What to Expect

Metformin is commonly known as Glucophage or Glucophage XR. It is typically used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, but it is also used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome.

Function

• In the treatment of type 2 diabetes, metformin is prescribed to support lifestyle changes to control glucose levels. In polycystic ovary syndrome, it helps to manage the condition of elevated blood insulin levels.

Time Frame

• Patients with type 2 diabetes should experience positive effects within 4 weeks. If patient is not responding to metformin, a doctor may add another medication.

Identification

• The most common side effects are related to the GI system: nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Increased diarrhea typically occurs when large amounts of carbohydrate foods are consumed in a single meal.

Considerations

• A patient taking metformin should discuss the use of other medications because there is a possibility of drug interactions. Also, a patient taking metformin should consider limiting, or eliminating, drinking alcoholic beverages because it increases the risk of more serious side effects.

Warning

• Lactic acidosis is a rare but serious side effect of metformin. Patients should report increased fatigue, severe stomach pains and breathing problems because they may be signs of this side effect.