Conventional Depression Treatments: Medications & Therapy
Evidence-based depression treatments:
- Antidepressant medications: SSRIs (first-line), SNRIs, atypical (bupropion, mirtazapine), TCAs, MAOIs. Selection based on symptom profile, side effects, comorbidities.
- Psychotherapy: CBT (cognitive restructuring), IPT (interpersonal), behavioral activation, psychodynamic. Equally effective for mild-moderate depression; combined with meds for severe.
- ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy): Gold standard for treatment-resistant, severe, psychotic, or catatonic depression. Rapid response.
- TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation): Non-invasive neuromodulation for treatment-resistant depression.
- Lifestyle interventions: Exercise, sleep hygiene, Mediterranean diet, stress reduction (mindfulness), substance avoidance—adjunctive but impactful.
- Supportive therapies: Peer support, psychoeducation, case management.
Treatment is individualized; collaborative care with psychiatrist/therapist optimizes outcomes.
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