Understanding Cold & Flu Complications: Ear & Sinus Infections

Colds are viruses that affect the nose and throat and influenza (flu) is a more serious viral infection that affects the nose, throat, bronchial tubes and lungs. Most healthy people get through a cold or flu without a problem, but complications sometimes develop.

Ear Infection

• Colds and flu may cause ear infections, especially in children. Ear pain, fever, dizziness and temporarily impaired hearing may occur with an ear infection.

Sinus Infection

• Cold and flu sufferers may end up with a sinus infection. Facial pain, pressure and swelling may be present, along with a thick nasal discharge, and possibly a fever.

Bronchitis

• Bronchitis occurs when the lining of the bronchial tubes become inflamed, and it can be brought on by a cold or the flu. Symptoms can vary, but may include coughing up mucus, wheezing, fever, chills and shortness of breath.

Pneumonia

• Pneumonia, or inflammation of the lungs, can be a serious complication of colds and flu. Symptoms can include fever, cough, difficulty breathing, chest pain, chills, sweating, headache, muscle pain and fatigue.

Encephalitis

• Inflammation of the brain, or encephalitis, is a rare flu complication. Mild flu-like symptoms are common with encephalitis, but more serious mental changes are possible.