Brain Areas Controlling Breathing: Medulla & Pons Explained

1. Medulla Oblongata: The medulla oblongata is located at the base of the brain and contains the respiratory center. The respiratory center is a group of neurons that control the basic rhythm of breathing. It sends signals to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to contract and relax, causing the lungs to inflate and deflate.

2. Pons: The pons is located above the medulla oblongata and also plays a role in the nervous control of breathing. It contains the pneumotaxic center, which helps to regulate the rate and depth of breathing. The pneumotaxic center sends signals to the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata to adjust the breathing pattern.