What Do Homocysteine Levels Measure?

Homocysteine is a sulfur amino acid normally produced during metabolism. If it isn't properly broken down, cells deposit it into the bloodstream and the level of homocysteine rises. It is a risk factor for several diseases.

Indications

• Homocysteine levels measure a number of things. Elevated homocysteine levels indicate a problem with its metabolism as well as the inability of the kidney or liver to remove excess homocysteine from the blood. Nutrient deficiencies or certain drug interactions can lead to elevated homocysteine measurements as well.

Measurement

• Homocysteine levels are measured during fasting conditions. The average plasma total homocysteine for healthy individuals is 6 to 12 micro moles per liter.

Risks

• An elevated homocysteine level may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, stroke, dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Damage

• Homocysteine damages cells by oxidation and by causing smooth muscle cells to multiply.

Causes

• Smoking, drinking coffee and a low intake of folic acid can increase homocysteine levels.