Bilirubin Encephalopathy (Kernicterus): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Bilirubin encephalopathy, also known as kernicterus, is a condition that occurs when bilirubin, a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells break down, builds up in the brain. Bilirubin encephalopathy can cause a range of symptoms, including:

* Lethargy

* Drowsiness

* Irritability

* High-pitched cry

* Poor feeding

* Seizures

* Coma

* Death

Bilirubin encephalopathy is most common in newborns, but it can also occur in adults with liver disease. The condition is treated by removing bilirubin from the blood. This can be done through a variety of methods, including:

* Phototherapy: This involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet light, which helps to break down bilirubin.

* Exchange transfusion: This involves removing the baby's blood and replacing it with donor blood.

* Medications: These can be used to help the liver remove bilirubin from the blood.

Bilirubin encephalopathy can be a serious condition, but it is often treatable if it is caught early. If you are concerned that your child may have bilirubin encephalopathy, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.