Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA) for Chronic Lumbar Pain: A Comprehensive Overview

Radio frequency ablation is a treatment option for lumbar pain. It works by using a probe that produces localized heat. The probe makes contact with a nerve, causing a reduction in pain sensation.

Types

• Radiofrequency thermocoagulation destroys nerve fibers with an electrode heated to between 50 and 80 degrees Celsius. Pulsed radiofrequency temporarily stuns the nerve fibers with an electrode that produces less heat than thermocoagulation.

Benefits

• A reduction in lumbar pain is the primary benefit of radio frequency ablation. The out-patient procedure is minimally invasive and recovery is quick.

Side Effects

• Possible side effects of radio frequency ablation include bleeding, infection and increased pain.

Procedure

• A local anesthetic is injected into the skin, followed by a needle that is guided to the nerve utilizing fluoroscopy, a type of X-ray. Once in place, an electrode is inserted into the needle and is heated. The nerve fibers are either destroyed or stunned.

Target

• The area responsible for lumbar pain consists of the medial branch nerves, which transmit pain sensations from facet joints in the spine to the brain.