Different Stages of Alzheimer's

Measuring cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients is referred to by experts as "staging." Seven stages mark the changes in levels of functioning.

Stage 1: Normal

• A medical checkup uncovers no evidence of mental decline.

Stage 2: Normal-Aged Forgetfulness

• Mild memory loss occurs. At this stage, decreased cognitive function does not greatly interfere with everyday life and isn't detected in a medical exam.

Stage 3: Mild Cognitive Impairment

• Decline may be noticed by friends or relatives. Symptoms may include the tendency to repeat questions and trouble retaining information.

Stage 4: Mild Alzheimer's

• Medical exams reveal definite deficiencies. Mood changes and decreased emotional responses occur. Recent or current events may not be remembered.

Stage 5: Moderate Alzheimer's

• Daily assistance is required. Patients may be unable to choose proper clothing to match the season or recall their own address. Patients are still able to eat and use toilet facilities without assistance.

Stages 6 and 7: Moderate to Severe Alzheimer's

• In stage 6, losses may include the ability to dress independently and recollection of a spouse's name. The inability to bathe without assistance is characteristic of these stages. Repetitive behaviors and the tendency to wander develop. Ultimately, in stage 7, speech, movement control and response to environment are lost. Difficulty swallowing is common. Patients can survive in the final stage for a period of years.